The growing rise of quantum computing is creating fresh concerns across the cryptocurrency industry. While most discussions have focused on how quantum computers could break blockchain encryption and steal digital assets, researchers at NEAR Protocol believe the bigger problem may come afterward — proving who actually owns the stolen funds.
According to Near One, the research and development team behind the blockchain, future quantum attacks could create chaos across crypto networks if there is no reliable system to verify ownership.
Why Quantum Computing Is a Threat
Most blockchain systems today rely on cryptographic security methods such as elliptic curve cryptography. These systems are considered secure against traditional computers, but powerful quantum computers could potentially solve complex mathematical problems much faster. If that happens, attackers may be able to crack wallet private keys, gain access to funds, and impersonate legitimate users.
Researchers from Google Quantum AI and the California Institute of Technology recently suggested that practical quantum computers may arrive sooner than expected. Their research indicated that future quantum machines might require far less computing power than previously believed to break current cryptographic systems protecting cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum.
The Real Problem: Ownership Verification
Near One’s CTO, Anton Astafiev, warned that blockchain protocols may struggle to determine whether transactions are initiated by the rightful owner or by a hacker using a stolen private key. In a quantum attack scenario, networks could face a difficult choice: freeze suspicious wallets entirely or allow potentially stolen assets to continue moving across the blockchain.
This creates a major governance and trust issue for decentralized systems. Since blockchain transactions are usually irreversible, proving legitimate ownership after a quantum breach could become extremely difficult.
Zero-Knowledge Proofs May Offer a Solution
To address this challenge, Near One is exploring the use of zero-knowledge proofs (ZK proofs). These technologies could allow users to prove they know the original wallet seed phrase without revealing the sensitive information publicly. This would help networks confirm ownership while preserving privacy and security.
At the same time, NEAR developers are building a post-quantum-safe signing system using the FIPS-204 standard approved by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology. The solution is expected to launch on testnet later this year.
Crypto Industry Begins Preparing
Other blockchain ecosystems are also preparing for future quantum risks. The Ethereum Foundation has launched post-quantum research initiatives, while Solana developers are testing quantum-resistant signature systems. Even Bitcoin developers have started discussing long-term migration plans to stronger cryptographic protections.
Although experts say large-scale quantum attacks are still years away, the industry is increasingly treating the threat as inevitable rather than theoretical. The focus is now shifting from simply preventing attacks to ensuring blockchains can recover fairly and securely if those attacks ever occur.
